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.In a knowledge-based economy, the development of knowledge and skills leads to innovation which in turn will lead to increase in productivity and revenue and to decrease unemployment. Therefore, according to the importance of using knowledge to improve economic conditions, the current research has been tried to test and analyze the impact of knowledge-based economy on controlling unemployment in Iran using annual data of time series during (1367-1393) period and using autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). Results show that there is a long-term relationship between different axes of knowledge-based economy (economical and institutional regimes, infrastructures of information technology and communication and innovation systems) and unemployment. Indexes of economical and institutional regimes, infrastructures of information technology and communication have a negative significant effect on unemployment as expected. Index of innovation system and innovation has a positive significant effect on employment. Index of education and human resources development has no effect on employment during this period. Furthermore, ECM coefficient is negative and small so adjustment speed of deviation is slow from short-term to long-term.